What does .30/06 and .30/30 mean? What is the actual caliber of them?
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What does .30/06 and .30/30 mean? What is the actual caliber of them?
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The American system of cartridge designation includes an assortment of misnomers or nicknames, and that can be confusing or misleading. Both the .30-'06 and the ,30-30 use thirty caliber bullets (.308" diameter projectiles). The .30-'06 was adopted by the U.S. military in 1906, and the name refers to that date of adoption. You can find a wealth of cartridge history in a good reloading manual, and I won't rehash that here.
European cartridges are named a bit more informatively, to tell you the bullet diameter and case length (in millimeters). So 7x57mm, 6.5x55mm, 7.65x53mm, etc., will tell you quite a bit about the cartridge.
If you're not sufficiently confused, consider that the .218 Bee, .219 Donaldson Wasp, .220 Swift, .221 Fireball, .222 Rem., .223, .224 Weatherby and .225 Winchester all use .224" diameter bullets. In other words, the name doesn't necessarily reflect the bullet diameter; it may be the land-to-land, land-to-groove, or groove-to-groove diameter, or simply a unique name given to differentiate the cartridge from a similar one. Hang in there! It'll all become clearer with time.
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30 06 = 30 caliber model of 1906
30 30 = 30 caliber 30 grains of BLACK Powder. It retained that designation to prevent confusion when the cartridge was converted to smokeless powders
Any re-loader should know this!
If you should ever reload a Black powder cartridge with the same grain weight of SMOKELESS Powder you may have an eye opening surprise or maybe a permanent eye closing!
The weight of a grain is the same in Black or Smokeless powders. The weight of a Dram (Used in Black powder shot shells! When they converted them to smokeless they used the word Equivalent for comparison) is 27.3438 avoirdupois so three drams equivalent is 82.0314 grains. You put that much smokeless powder in a 12 gauge shot shell and you will not have a shotgun anymore!
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